Kisah Para Rasul 16:24

16:24 Receiving such orders, he threw them in the inner cell ¹  and fastened their feet in the stocks. ² 

Kisah Para Rasul 21:33

21:33 Then the commanding officer ³  came up and arrested ⁴  him and ordered him to be tied up with two chains; ⁵  he ⁶  then asked who he was and what ⁷  he had done.

Kisah Para Rasul 21:40

21:40 When the commanding officer ⁸  had given him permission, ⁹  Paul stood ¹⁰  on the steps and gestured ¹¹  to the people with his hand. When they had become silent, ¹²  he addressed ¹³  them in Aramaic, ¹⁴ 

Kisah Para Rasul 22:24

22:24 the commanding officer ¹⁵  ordered Paul ¹⁶  to be brought back into the barracks. ¹⁷  He told them ¹⁸  to interrogate Paul ¹⁹  by beating him with a lash ²⁰  so that he could find out the reason the crowd ²¹  was shouting at Paul ²²  in this way.

Kisah Para Rasul 22:26

22:26 When the centurion ²³  heard this, ²⁴  he went to the commanding officer ²⁵  and reported it, ²⁶  saying, “What are you about to do? ²⁷  For this man is a Roman citizen.” ²⁸ 

Kisah Para Rasul 22:28-29

22:28 The commanding officer ²⁹  answered, “I acquired this citizenship with a large sum of money.” ³⁰  “But I was even ³¹  born a citizen,” ³²  Paul replied. ³³  22:29 Then those who were about to interrogate him stayed away ³⁴  from him, and the commanding officer ³⁵  was frightened when he realized that Paul ³⁶  was ³⁷  a Roman citizen ³⁸  and that he had had him tied up. ³⁹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 23:17

23:17 Paul called ⁴⁰  one of the centurions ⁴¹  and said, “Take this young man to the commanding officer, ⁴²  for he has something to report to him.”

Kisah Para Rasul 23:19

23:19 The commanding officer ⁴³  took him by the hand, withdrew privately, and asked, “What is it that you want ⁴⁴  to report to me?”

Kisah Para Rasul 23:22

23:22 Then the commanding officer ⁴⁵  sent the young man away, directing him, ⁴⁶  “Tell no one that you have reported ⁴⁷  these things to me.”

[16:24]  ¹ tn Or “prison.”

[16:24]  ² tn L&N 6.21 has “stocks” for εἰς τὸ ξύλον (ei" to xulon) here, as does BDAG 685 s.v. ξύλον 2.b. However, it is also possible (as mentioned in L&N 18.12) that this does not mean “stocks” but a block of wood (a log or wooden column) in the prison to which prisoners’ feet were chained or tied. Such a possibility is suggested by v. 26, where the “bonds” (“chains”?) of the prisoners loosened.

[21:33]  ³ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 31.

[21:33]  ⁴ tn Grk “seized.”

[21:33]  ⁵ tn The two chains would be something like handcuffs (BDAG 48 s.v. ἅλυσις and compare Acts 28:20).

[21:33]  ⁶ tn Grk “and he.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was begun in the translation, and καί (kai) has been replaced with a semicolon. “Then” has been supplied after “he” to clarify the logical sequence.

[21:33]  ⁷ tn Grk “and what it is”; this has been simplified to “what.”

[21:40]  ⁸ tn The referent (the commanding officer) has been supplied here in the translation for clarity.

[21:40]  ⁹ tn Grk “Giving him permission.” The participle ἐπιτρέψαντος (epitreyanto") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[21:40]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “standing.” The participle ἑστώς (Jestws) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[21:40]  ¹¹ tn Or “motioned.”

[21:40]  ¹² tn γενομένης (genomenhs) has been taken temporally. BDAG 922 s.v. σιγή has “πολλῆς σιγῆς γενομένης when a great silence had fallen = when they had become silent Ac 21:40.”

[21:40]  ¹³ tn Or “spoke out to.” L&N 33.27 has “to address an audience, with possible emphasis upon loudness – ‘to address, to speak out to.’ πολλῆς δέ σιγῆς γενομένης προσεφώνησεν τῇ ᾿Εβραίδι διαλέκτῳ ‘when they were quiet, he addressed them in Hebrew’ Ac 21:40.”

[21:40]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “in the Hebrew dialect, saying.” This refers to the Aramaic spoken in Palestine in the 1st century (BDAG 270 s.v. ῾Εβραΐς). The participle λέγων (legwn) is redundant in English and has not been translated.

[22:24]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). In Greek the term χιλίαρχος (ciliarco") literally described the “commander of a thousand,” but it was used as the standard translation for the Latin tribunus militum or tribunus militare, the military tribune who commanded a cohort of 600 men.

[22:24]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “him”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:24]  ¹⁷ tn Or “the headquarters.” BDAG 775 s.v. παρεμβολή 2 has “barracks/headquarters of the Roman troops in Jerusalem Ac 21:34, 37; 22:24; 23:10, 16, 32.”

[22:24]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “into the barracks, saying.” This is a continuation of the same sentence in Greek using the participle εἴπας (eipas), but due to the length and complexity of the Greek sentence a new sentence was begun in the translation here. The direct object “them” has been supplied; it is understood in Greek.

[22:24]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “him”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:24]  ²⁰ sn To interrogate Paul by beating him with a lash. Under the Roman legal system it was customary to use physical torture to extract confessions or other information from prisoners who were not Roman citizens and who were charged with various crimes, especially treason or sedition. The lashing would be done with a whip of leather thongs with pieces of metal or bone attached to the ends.

[22:24]  ²¹ tn Grk “they”; the referent (the crowd) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:24]  ²² tn Grk “him”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:26]  ²³ sn See the note on the word centurion in 10:1.

[22:26]  ²⁴ tn The word “this” is not in the Greek text but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[22:26]  ²⁵ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 24.

[22:26]  ²⁶ tn The word “it” is not in the Greek text but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[22:26]  ²⁷ tn Or perhaps, “What do you intend to do?” Although BDAG 627 s.v. μέλλω 1.c.α lists this phrase under the category “be about to, be on the point of,” it is possible it belongs under 1.c.γ, “denoting an intended action: intend, propose, have in mind…τί μέλλεις ποιεῖν; what do you intend to do?”

[22:26]  ²⁸ tn The word “citizen” is supplied here for emphasis and clarity.

[22:28]  ²⁹ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 24.

[22:28]  ³⁰ sn Sometimes Roman citizenship was purchased through a bribe (Dio Cassius, Roman History 60.17.4-9). That may well have been the case here.

[22:28]  ³¹ tn BDAG 495-96 s.v. καί 2.b has “intensive: even…Ac 5:39; 22:28.”

[22:28]  ³² tn The word “citizen” is supplied here for emphasis and clarity.

[22:28]  sn Paul’s reference to being born a citizen suggests he inherited his Roman citizenship from his family.

[22:28]  ³³ tn Grk “Paul said.” This phrase has been placed at the end of the sentence in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[22:29]  ³⁴ tn BDAG 158 s.v. ἀφίστημι 2.b has “keep away…ἀπό τινος… Lk 4:13; Ac 5:38; 2 Cor 12:8…cp. Ac 22:29.” In context, the point would seem to be not that the interrogators departed or withdrew, but that they held back from continuing the flogging.

[22:29]  ³⁵ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 24.

[22:29]  ³⁶ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:29]  ³⁷ tn This is a present tense (ἐστιν, estin) retained in indirect discourse. It must be translated as a past tense in contemporary English.

[22:29]  ³⁸ tn The word “citizen” is supplied here for emphasis and clarity.

[22:29]  ³⁹ sn Had him tied up. Perhaps a reference to the chains in Acts 21:33, or the preparations for the lashing in Acts 22:25. A trial would now be needed to resolve the matter. The Roman authorities’ hesitation to render a judgment in the case occurs repeatedly: Acts 22:30; 23:28-29; 24:22; 25:20, 26-27. The legal process begun here would take the rest of Acts and will be unresolved at the end. The process itself took four years of Paul’s life.

[23:17]  ⁴⁰ tn Grk “calling…Paul said.” The participle προσκαλεσάμενος (proskalesameno") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[23:17]  ⁴¹ sn See the note on the word centurion in 10:1.

[23:17]  ⁴² tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 10.

[23:19]  ⁴³ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 10.

[23:19]  ⁴⁴ tn Grk “you have,” but the expression “have to report” in English could be understood to mean “must report” rather than “possess to report.” For this reason the nearly equivalent expression “want to report,” which is not subject to misunderstanding, was used in the translation.

[23:22]  ⁴⁵ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). See note on the term “commanding officer” in v. 10.

[23:22]  ⁴⁶ tn BDAG 760 s.v. παραγγέλλω has “to make an announcement about someth. that must be done, give orders, command, instruct, direct of all kinds of persons in authority, worldly rulers, Jesus, the apostles…παραγγέλλειν w. an inf. and μή comes to mean forbid to do someth.: π. τινί w. aor. inf. Lk 5:14; 8:56; without the dat., which is easily supplied fr. the context Ac 23:22.” However, if the direct discourse which follows is to be retained in the translation, a different translation must be used since it is awkward to introduce direct discourse with the verb to forbid. Thus the alternative to direct was used.

[23:22]  ⁴⁷ tn On this verb, see BDAG 325-26 s.v. ἐμφανίζω 2. The term was frequently used of an official report to authorities. In modern terms, this was a police tip.